Opinion of Efficacy

       A person's knowledge (Frings, Hurst, Cleveland, Blascovich, & Abrams, 2012), skills (Tomaka, Blascovich, Kelsey, & Leitten, 1993), and experience (Lipman-Bluman, 1973) will play a role in whether psychological disequilibrium occurs as a result of the expectancy violation. These attenuating components make up an individual's opinion of their self-efficacy. If the person feels capable of adjusting to the violation, and has a high opinion of efficacy, a goal disruption is less likely to occur.